分子动力学模拟中的控制器（Controller）可用于修改模拟过程中的原子坐标和原子速度等参量，实现对系统特定参量的控制。例如，控温器可以用于实现NVT系综，控压器可用于实现NPT系综。在MindSponge分子动力学模拟框架下，控温和控压可以基于控制器Controller来实现。更多关于MindSponge分子动力学模拟框架的信息，如安装和基本使用等，可阅读MindSponge专栏里的文章。

自定义Controller

Controller位于control路径下，除了已经定义好的一些控温控压算法之外，用户还可以直接继承Controller来实现自己需要的系统控制算法。例如，我们可以定义一个缩放原子速度的控制器：

class MyController(Controller): def construct(self, coordinate: Tensor, velocity: Tensor, **kwargs): return super().construct(coordinate, velocity/2, **kwargs)

它的功能是保持原子当前位置不变，但是速度减半。

完整的MindSponge用例如下所示：

from mindspore import context, Tensor context.set_context(mode=context.GRAPH_MODE, device_target='GPU', device_id=0) from sponge import set_global_units, Sponge, Molecule, WithEnergyCell, UpdaterMD, ForceField from sponge.function import VelocityGenerator from sponge.callback import RunInfo from sponge.control import Controller # 自定义控制器 class MyController(Controller): def construct(self, coordinate: Tensor, velocity: Tensor, **kwargs): return super().construct(coordinate, velocity/2, **kwargs) # 设置全局分子动力学模拟单位 set_global_units('nm', 'kj/mol') # 根据内置模板生成水分子系统 system = Molecule(template='water.spce.yaml') # 将分子沿X轴方向复制一份，现在体系有2个水分子 system.reduplicate([0.3, 0, 0]) # 基于前面的分子系统，再复制一份，然后合并到system里面，此时一共是4个水分子 new_sys = system.copy([0, 0, -0.3]) system.append(new_sys) # 选择SPCE力场 potential = ForceField(system, parameters='SPCE') # 类似于深度学习中的WithLossCell，绑定了分子系统和力场的信息 withenergy = WithEnergyCell(system, potential) # 配置MD参数 temp = 300 vgen = VelocityGenerator(temp) velocity = vgen(system.shape, system.atom_mass) # 构建迭代器，并且传入我们自定义的控制器 updater = UpdaterMD( system=system, time_step=1e-3, velocity=velocity, integrator='velocity_verlet', temperature=300, controller=MyController(system), ) # 绑定系统、力场和迭代器三者的内容 mini = Sponge(withenergy, optimizer=updater) # 使用回调函数，每一步都会打印输出能量、温度等信息 run_info = RunInfo(1) mini.run(5, callbacks=[run_info])

因为每次控制器被调用都会使得速度减半，而且按照执行的顺序，控制器在常规的控温之后，因此运行过程中体系的温度无法达到我们预期的300K。

如果去掉这个降低速度的控制器，那么体系的温度和动能一下子就上去了，并且在稳定之后，温度会逐渐收敛在300K附近。

总结概要

本文介绍了在MindSponge分子动力学模拟框架先实现自定义Controller控制器的方法，通过调控体系中的原子坐标和原子速度等，来控制系综的参量。MindSponge分子模拟框架基于MindSpore深度学习框架开发而成，对于开发者尤其是深度学习开发者来说，非常的友好。

版权声明

作者ID：DechinPhy

期待已久的手游RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator 4K即将登陆九游，这款手机游戏吸引了大批玩家的关注，有很多粉丝都在问九游小编RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator 4K好玩吗？RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator 4K值不值得玩？现在就为大家来简单分析下，看看这款游戏的玩法特点和游戏剧情介绍。

1、RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator 4K简要评析：

RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator is definitely the best Remote Control game already developed! Be a pro remote controller pilot with this accurate simulation. Fly with 25 aircrafts in a very precise virtual RC Controller for airplanes, helicopters and drones. You will be able to fly with trainers planes and jets, rescue and fighter helicopters and a famous drone! Play through +300 missions performing maneuvers and avoiding obstacles. Shoot at some targets with fighters aircrafts and make recognition missions with your drone! MAIN FEATURES: - 25 different aircrafts. - 15 airplanes (trainers, WWII, Fighter Jets and commercial Jets). - 9 helicopters (trainers, rescue, fighters). - 1 drone! - 14 scenarios, around the globe. - Check all of your maneuver in real time. - +300 missions and special recognition missions for the drone. - Virtual Remote Joystick. - Check list with more than 15 maneuver (Loops, Cuban Eight, Immelmann Turn, Barrel and Aileron Roll and more!) - EXTRA FEATURES: - All the RC controllers configuration modes, depending on the country. - Maneuver check and rating of maneuver during flight, in real time! Really awesome! If you love RC aircrafts as we do, please, give us your feedback to improve this RC app! ***** Don't forget to rate us! ***** Credits: Photo scenes by Harald Bendschneider Music by: "Basic Implosion" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Flying algorithm from NASA Airfoil system

2、RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator 4K图片欣赏：

通过上面的游戏介绍和图片，可能大家对RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator 4K有大致的了解了，不过这么游戏要怎么样才能抢先体验到呢？不用担心，目前九游客户端已经开通了测试提醒了，通过在九游APP中搜索“RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator 4K”，点击右边的【订阅】或者是【开测提醒】，订阅游戏就不会错过最先的下载机会了咯！

下载九游APP订阅RC Pro Remote Controller Flight Simulator 4K>>>>>>